Biggest Producers of Cobalt: Cobalt plays an essential role in powering our world, especially in lithium-ion batteries that fuel everything from smartphones to electric vehicles. But where does it all come from? You may have heard about cobalt mining in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) with some troubling human rights concerns. But Congo is just one piece of the puzzle. Here’s a rundown of the top 10 countries leading the global cobalt production as of 2024 and how each contributes to meeting the growing demand for this crucial resource.
1. Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC)
The DRC holds the top position, producing an impressive 130,000 metric tons—about 70% of the world’s total. Rich in mineral resources, DRC’s lands are packed with cobalt, making it the core of global supply. However, cobalt mining here is shadowed by concerns around human rights and labor conditions, with ongoing efforts for improvement. Biggest Producers of Cobalt
2. Indonesia
Indonesia has quickly become a major cobalt producer, with 10,000 metric tons annually, thanks to recent investments in battery metal processing. Indonesia’s focus on nickel-cobalt production, enhanced by partnerships with Chinese companies, has significantly boosted its position as a battery metal supplier. The country’s 2019 decision to ban nickel ore exports was a key move that fueled its current cobalt boom.
3. Russia
Russia’s annual cobalt production stands at 8,900 metric tons, primarily as a byproduct of its extensive nickel reserves. The country’s significant natural resources ensure a steady cobalt supply. However, geopolitical issues, including the Ukraine conflict, may impact Russia’s role in global cobalt markets. Biggest Producers of Cobalt
4. Australia
Australia produces around 5,900 metric tons of cobalt each year. Known for its massive mineral resources, Australia has the world’s second-largest cobalt reserves, at approximately 1.5 million metric tons. Much of Australia’s cobalt comes from nickel and copper mining, and the country is increasingly focused on meeting global battery demand sustainably.
5. Canada
With 3,900 metric tons of cobalt production, Canada is committed to responsible mining. Canadian cobalt is primarily a byproduct of nickel and copper mining, and the country’s ethical approach to production has positioned it as a trusted supplier in the global market.
6. Philippines
The Philippines contributes 3,800 metric tons, with cobalt largely tied to its nickel mining sector. The country’s mineral-rich lands make it a significant player, and policies focused on environmental impact are shaping its role in the global cobalt industry. Biggest Producers of Cobalt
7. Cuba
Cuba also produces 3,800 metric tons of cobalt, mainly from the Moa region. A unique collaboration with Canada’s Sherritt International, Cuba’s nickel-cobalt production focuses on lateritic ore, processed into a sulfide mixture rich in nickel and cobalt.
8. Papua New Guinea
With an annual output of 3,000 metric tons, Papua New Guinea sources most of its cobalt from the Ramu nickel mine. Its geographic and geological advantages make it a unique contributor to the global cobalt supply.
9. Madagascar
Madagascar also produces 3,000 metric tons of cobalt, primarily from the Ambatovy mine. Despite setbacks during the pandemic, Madagascar has maintained a strong presence in cobalt production and remains a key supplier. Biggest Producers of Cobalt
10. Morocco
Morocco rounds out the top 10 with 2,300 metric tons. Unique among other producers, Morocco mines cobalt independently from other metals, mainly at the Bou Azzer mine operated by Managem Group. This distinctive approach sets Morocco apart in the cobalt landscape.
Conclusion
Cobalt production has transformed over recent years, and these top 10 countries each play a significant role in meeting global demand. As technology advances and demand for electric vehicles and electronics continues to grow, these rankings may evolve. Keep an eye on how shifting environmental policies, ethical concerns, and geopolitical events may impact the future of cobalt production. Biggest Producers of Cobalt
FAQs about Biggest Producers of Cobalt
Why does the Democratic Republic of Congo lead in cobalt production?
The DRC has extensive cobalt reserves, producing about 70% of the global supply. However, issues around human rights and working conditions have drawn global attention to the country’s mining practices.
How did Indonesia become a top producer of cobalt?
Indonesia’s cobalt production surged after its 2019 ban on nickel ore exports. This move, along with major investments in processing from Chinese companies, has helped Indonesia secure a spot as a key supplier of battery metals.
What impact does Russia’s geopolitical situation have on its cobalt production?
Russia’s cobalt industry is impacted by global geopolitical tensions, especially the Ukraine conflict. This could affect cobalt availability and prices due to potential trade restrictions.
Is cobalt mining in Australia sustainable?
Australia emphasizes sustainable and ethical mining practices, and its stable political environment and technological advancement support its commitment to meeting global battery demands responsibly.
Why is Morocco’s cobalt production unique?
Unlike most other countries that produce cobalt as a byproduct of nickel or copper mining, Morocco’s Bou Azzer mine is one of the few in the world to extract cobalt as a primary product.